Currently, anyone with fever over 38 º C and acute respiratory infection symptoms could be infected by the new influenza virus A/H1N1, officially declared pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) since last month June.

How to distinguish?
Both WHO and the Ministry of Health on their websites give information about the symptoms of both infections and the mode of transmission. And it turns out are quite similar, so the final confirmation on whether it is over and will give the laboratory.

However, certain differences do exist. For example, the fever rises faster and is higher among those affected by avian influenza A that common. And nasal congestion, seasonal influenza itself, is very rare in the case of new infection.

According to the family doctor and emergency room chief at the University Clinic of Navarra, José Javier Varo, the main difference between them is that the H1N1 flu presents “a more mild and short” than seasonal, which extends longer.

Given the present situation, this expert states that when a patient arrives with a high fever and respiratory infection could be considered a suspected case of influenza A and influenza and treated with antipyretics. But treatment with antiviral drugs like Tamiflu and Relenza, set against a new pandemic, is administered to risk groups to avoid complications.

And in any case, it is advisable to rest, drink fluids abundantly and avoid alcohol or snuff.

Preventive measures
Besides the drugs and the measures taken by health authorities, citizens can also do their part to try to prevent the new virus infections. A new study published in the Annals of Internal Medicine said that the use of masks and good hand hygiene in the home might prevent the spread to other family members, provided they are carried out immediately after one notice symptoms.

The research, conducted with 407 patients in Hong Kong, confirms that these strategies are effective if they are started within the first 36 hours when the patient develops symptoms. If it takes longer and is more difficult to prevent virus transmission.

Also, other measures recommended by the Ministries of Health, for the common cold to influenza A, including maintain their distance from the affected and non-greet with kisses or not shaking hands, not sharing cups or eating utensils, ventilate the room patient and keep warm when you notice sudden changes in temperature

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The epiglottis is the piece of cartilage-located in the back of the tongue that closes the windpipe during swallowing. It prevents food from entering the airways, so you do not cough or choke after swallowing.

This condition inflames the cartilage, which leads to breathing problems. It is usually caused by the bacteria Haemophilus influenzae (H. influenzae), although it may be caused by other bacteria and viruses. Infections of the upper airway make it possible for epiglottitis. In addition, drugs and diseases that weaken the immune system become more prone to adults suffering from it.

It is more common in children between 2 and 6 years old. Rarely occurs in adults.

Epiglottitis is still a subject of attention, but decreased considerably since the vaccine against Haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib) became one of the routine childhood to late 80s.

Symptoms

It begins with a high fever and sore throat. Other symptoms:

* Abnormal breath sounds (stridor);

* Chills, tremors;

* Bluish skin (cyanosis);

* Drooling;

* Difficulty breathing (patient may need to sit upright and lean slightly forward to breathe);

* Difficulty swallowing;

* Voice changes (hoarseness).

It is a medical emergency, what you should seek immediate assistance. Do not use a tongue depressor to examine the throat at home, as this may make the condition worse.

Treatment

The patient was hospitalized in the intensive care unit.

It involves methods to help breathing;

* Breathing tube (intubation);

* Humidified oxygen (humidified).

Other treatments may include:

* Antibiotics;

* Anti-inflammatory (corticosteroids) for the throat;

* IV fluids;

Forecast

With proper treatment, the prognosis is good.

Possible complications

Spasms can cause abrupt closure or airway obstruction, in which case death occurs within minutes.

When contacting emergency medical

Urgent medical attention is needed in the presence of symptoms, including sudden breathing difficulties, excessive drooling, and irritability.

Prevention

The Hib vaccine protects children from epiglottitis.

The bacterial infection that causes this disease is contagious, so you should examine the family members and provide treatment if appropriate.

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