Call your doctor if you experience chest pain, even if you think you are too young to have angina pectoris and no history of heart problems in his family. Your doctor will recommend the next steps depending on how you describe your symptoms and risk factors.

Forecast

In people with coronary disease, the outlook depends on many factors, including the location and severity of the narrowing of the artery, and the number of coronary arteries involved. Proper treatment greatly improves the outlook for people with coronary artery disease.

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* Changes in lifestyle, including weight loss for obese patients, smoking cessation therapy, drugs to reduce high cholesterol, regular exercise program to reduce high blood pressure and stress reduction techniques.

* Nitrates: nitroglycerin including: nitrates are medications that widen blood vessels (vasodilators). Increase blood flow in coronary arteries provide the heart and pumping blood to the rest of the body.

* Beta blockers: atenolol (Tenormin) and metoprolol (Lopressor, Toprol-XL). These medications decrease the heart’s workload by decreasing heart rate and lessen the force of contractions of this, especially during exercise.

* Calcium channel blockers, such as nifedipine (Adalat, Procardia), verapamil (Calan, Isoptin, Verelan), diltiazem (Cardizem, Tiazac), amlodipine (Norvasc). These medications can help improve the efficiency of heart muscle function and may reduce the number and severity of episodes of chest pain.

* Aspirin: Aspirin helps prevent blood clots in narrowed coronary arteries, which can reduce the risk of heart attacks in people who already have heart disease.

If you changed your lifestyle and medications do not improve angina or when the risk of a heart attack is high, your doctor may recommend a balloon angioplasty or heart bypass surgery.

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A crisis of angina usually lasts less than five minutes. Pain that lasts longer than that or acute may suggest a more significant decrease in blood flow to heart. This can happen when someone is having a heart attack or unstable angina.

Prevention

You can help prevent angina, which causes blockage of arteries caused by coronary heart disease by controlling your risk factors.

* High cholesterol: follow your doctor about a diet low in fat and cholesterol, if necessary, take medications to lower cholesterol.

High blood pressure: follow your doctor’s recommendations to modify your diet and take your medicine.

* Smoking: If you smoke, quit. If you do not smoke, do not start.

* Diabetes: check your blood sugar frequently, follow your special diet and take insulin or oral medication (pills) as prescribed by your doctor.

It is advisable to exercise regularly and maintain a healthy weight. If emotional stress provokes the crisis of angina pectoris, learning to manage stress or relaxation techniques can help.

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Check your blood pressure and pulse, and examine your heart and lungs. You may need one or more diagnostic tests to determine if you have coronary artery disease. Tests may include:

* Electrocardiogram (EKG) is a record of electrical impulses from your heart. It can identify problems in the frequency and heart rate. Sometimes it can show changes that indicate a blocked artery.

* Stress test: If your ECG is normal and can walk, ask for a stress test. Walk on a treadmill while monitoring your heart rate. Other stress tests use drugs to stimulate the heart, injecting contrast material (dye) to detect blockages and take ultrasound images to provide more information.

* Coronary angiography: the x-ray of the coronary arteries are the most accurate way to measure the severity of coronary disease. This inserts a thin tube, long and flexible (called a catheter) through an artery in the arm or groin. The doctor guides the catheter into the heart using a special camera. Once the catheter is placed, the dye is injected to show the blood flow inside the coronary arteries, highlighting any areas that are narrowed or blocked.

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Coronary heart disease is usually caused by atherosclerosis, a disease in which fatty deposits (called plaque) on the inner walls of blood vessels. Although angina most commonly affects middle-aged men or older, can occur in both sexes and all ages. Angina is also known as angina pectoris.

Normally, this disease is manifested by pressure, burning, or tightness in the chest. The pain is usually under the breastbone, but may radiate to the throat, arms, jaws, between the shoulders (shoulder) or into the stomach. Other symptoms that may accompany angina include nausea, dizziness, difficulty breathing or shortness of breath and sweating.

Doctors divided angina into two types:

* Stable angina: chest pain following a specific pattern, which occurs when someone has an intense physical activity or have an extreme emotion. Other situations that trigger include smoking cigarettes or cigars (cigars), cold weather, a large meal or try to go to the bathroom. The pain usually disappears when the employer or the cause that triggered it are completed.

* Unstable angina symptoms are less predictable and if the note, you should call your doctor immediately. This chest pain occurs when a person is resting, sleeping, or very often, performing minimal effort. The discomfort may be prolonged and may be intense.

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Some early cases of anaphylaxis can be treated with antihistamines and corticosteroids. The most severe cases involving emergencies that endanger life and require immediate medical attention. Epinephrine should be administered at the first sign of a serious reaction to slow the progression of symptoms.

Physicians should treat anaphylaxis with epinephrine and intravenous fluids. It is also likely that the person needs treatment with oxygen, mechanical ventilation (a breathing machine that helps the patient temporarily) and antihistamines or corticosteroids intravenously.

When To Call a Professional

Call medical help immediately if someone has symptoms of anaphylaxis. If you have a history of severe allergic reaction and not mentioned it to your doctor, make an appointment with him. Your doctor can check their background and help you take precautions to avoid future problems.

Forecast

If done early and appropriate treatment, most patients who have had a severe allergic reaction is fully recovered. Unfortunately, even with treatment, some people die from anaphylaxis.

A person who has had anaphylaxis have run the risk of future severe reactions if exposed again to some type of allergen.

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If done early and appropriate treatment, cases of anaphylaxis can improve quickly in a few hours. If a person has already developed more serious symptoms and the most hazardous conditions, it is likely that a few days after treatment a complete recovery. If untreated, anaphylaxis can cause death within minutes or hours.

Prevention

This disease can be prevented by avoiding the allergens that cause symptoms. For example, people who are allergic to foods should always check the ingredients list on labels and ask the waiter about these before eating in a restaurant. If you are allergic to bee stings, you should limit gardening and mowing, and should not use perfumes, hair spray or shiny clothes to attract insects.

People with a history of anaphylaxis should wear an identification bracelet or necklace to alert care if other people have another reaction. Also, ask your doctor if you should carry a syringe with epinephrine (adrenaline), a drug used to treat anaphylaxis. At the first sign of symptoms, you or someone close (family, co-worker, a nursing student) syringe to inject epinephrine to treat allergic reaction until medical attention.

Allergy shots, also called immunotherapy, are used to change gradually kind of reaction would you have after a stinging insect. These vaccines cause the immune system to react and produce varieties of antibodies and cells that do not cause dangerous symptoms instead of producing antibodies and chemicals that lead to allergy symptoms.

On rare occasions, allergy shots can also be used to prevent certain medication allergies. These vaccines are not used to treat food allergies, as it is very likely that the vaccines themselves cause anaphylaxis. However, we are currently investigating oral immunotherapy using diluted samples of allergy triggers as a possible treatment to treat food allergy.

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Usually, the symptoms of anaphylaxis occur within seconds or minutes of allergen exposure and vary from mild to severe. These symptoms include:

* Rapid pulse, sweating, dizziness, fainting, unconsciousness
* Wheezing or chest tightness, shortness of breath, cough
* Hives accompanied by itching, which can be combined to form larger areas of skin swelling
* Swelling of lips, tongue or eyes
* Nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, diarrhea
* Pale, bluish skin
* Swelling of the throat with tightness in throat, lump in the throat, hoarseness or obstructed air flow

Diagnosis

The doctor will ask about the patient’s allergy history and about their exposure to common allergens that cause anaphylaxis. For the doctor is very important to know whether the patient’s symptoms began soon after exposure to an allergen, for instance after eating nuts, being stung by a bee or an antibiotic. Because the patient may be too ill to provide information, you need the help of a relative, friend, coworker or student nurse. People with a history of severe allergic reactions should consider wearing a necklace or bracelet with a medical alert identification to save valuable time when identifying the problem.

Usually, the doctor could diagnose anaphylaxis based on patient history and physical examination findings.

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Faced with a severe allergic reaction, the body’s immune system responds to the presence of an allergen by releasing histamine and other chemicals in the body. These chemicals cause the symptoms of allergies, which are usually mild, such as runny nose in the case of hay fever (allergic rhinitis) or skin rash caused by poison ivy.

However, in some cases, symptoms may be more severe and involve the entire body. Anaphylaxis is the most severe allergic reaction. In the case of anaphylaxis, these chemicals cause serious skin problems, such as hives and swelling, as well as breathing problems, such as swelling of the throat, narrowing of the lower airways and wheezing.

The chemicals also can cause blood vessels to dilate and cause significantly decreased blood pressure (shock). Anaphylaxis is a medical emergency that threatens life.

The specific allergens that cause anaphylaxis may be different for each patient, often the causes may be:

* Food, especially eggs, shellfish, nuts, cereals, milk and peanuts
* Medication: The most common are penicillin or cefalospirina
* Bites of insects: bees, wasps, hornets and fire ants
* Injectable anesthetics: procaine, lidocaine
* Contrasts: X-rays used in CT
* Industrial chemicals: latex or rubber products used by health workers
* Allergy shots (immunotherapy)

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For Luciana, getting up early is a nightmare. It’s no surprise that it is, because for many people is an effort to get up early. But for her, more so, because if you have to be ready at 8, you have to put your alarm for 6. What does it takes two hours to fix? Your hair is curly and she likes to have it straight. Therefore, it has to transform an entire system: wash it, dry it with hair dryer and flat iron then passes the planer. A process for someone with long hair.

So when he learned that there was a keratin treatment to straighten the hair permanently, at least for a while (lasts up to 3 months), did not hesitate to let them find out. For her it was it was a wonder: have straight hair without curls and also be able to sleep an extra hour every morning.

Luciana is not alone. Many women around the world have invested some of their money in this treatment (which costs about U.S. $ 300, a figure that is not negligible), known as “botox hair” or “Brazilian Keratin” to their dream of having straight hair.

But beyond the aesthetic benefits of this treatment to straighten the hair may have, is there a health risk? It depends.

While treatment of keratin is made of this protein that occurs naturally in the hair, so you can achieve smoothing effect should be mixed with a chemical that has caused him to doubt whether this treatment is harmless: it is the formaldehyde, which helps the keratin molecules to stay together and the hair will stay straight.

Formaldehyde is a chemical that can cause health effects that can be classified as an allergic reaction: runny nose, sore throat, irritation and itching eyes. Several people who have been exposed to these hair straighteners have reported such reactions. The amount of the chemical depends on the brand of product, but experts say that generally the percentage of the concentration of formaldehyde in the Brazilian keratin is high, because otherwise, the treatment would not be effective.

Government agencies in some countries like the United States and Canada have warned about the possible negative effects of this substance and are investigating more about it, since it has been said up may contain carcinogens.

However, some dermatologists at Weill Cornell Medical College in New York have said that these treatments do not pose the greatest risk to health. Although many people have complained that after smoothing the hair with the Brazilian keratin treatment your hair becomes brittle. These experts attribute this to the use of straighteners or hair irons are used to complete treatment. According to dermatologists, the flat iron causes much more damage than the Brazilian keratin treatment.

What position should be taken regarding this smoothing “magic”? The debate is still open. Perhaps we should wait for more studies. If you want alisarte hair, I advise you to consult your dermatologist or better, to accept your curls as they are and enjoy. You know how many women with straight hair envy them?

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