* Vertical Transmission
HIV can be spread to babies born to, or breastfed by, mothers infected with the virus.

* Sexual contact
In adults and adolescents, HIV is spread by sexual contact with an infected person. The virus enters the body through the lining of the vagina, vulva, penis, rectum or mouth during sex.

* Blood contamination
HIV can also spread through contact with infected blood. However, due to the screening conducted for evidence of HIV infection in the blood, the risk of acquiring HIV through blood transfusions is extremely low.

* Needles
HIV is frequently spread by sharing needles, syringes, or drug use equipment with someone infected with the virus. Transmission of the virus in patient care professionals of the health or vice versa through accidental sticks with contaminated needles or other medical instruments is rare.

No cases of transmission of HIV / AIDS through the following:
* Saliva
* Sweating
* Tears
* Casual contact, such as sharing food utensils, towels and bed linen
* Pools
* Telephone
* Toilet seats
* Biting insects (like mosquitoes)

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In adults and adolescents, HIV is spread by sexual contact with an infected person. In the U.S., almost all HIV infections in children under age 13 are due to vertical transmission, which means the virus is transmitted to the child in the womb of its mother or through the birth canal. Also detected the virus in breast milk. Before 1985, a small group of children were infected with the virus through contaminated products derived from blood. Beginning in 1985, began studies in Routine screening of blood products. Not all children whose mothers are infected with HIV acquire the virus.

* Prior to the availability of preventive treatments, the Centers for Prevention and Disease Control (CDC) estimated that in the United States born between 1000 and 2000 HIV-infected babies per year. Currently, officials of the health field say there has been a marked reduction in the rates of vertical transmission (mother to child) or perinatal HIV.

* According to the National Institutes of Health (NIH), vertical transmission (mother to child) of HIV during pregnancy, labor, childbirth or breastfeeding is responsible for almost all reported AIDS cases among U.S. children. If not treated, the possibility that a woman with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection to the fetus is a one in four.

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