Everyone gets sad occasion. When we get older, the reasons for going to be depressed seem so clear and are so frequent that tends to assume that it is normal for older people feel depressed. But is it?. Undoubtedly, the sort of thing that normally associate with feeling depressed are more frequent as we age – we have to stop working, probably have less money, you may feel discomfort or pain from osteoarthritis or other physical problems, we sometimes lose our partner or someone close, or even our pets can die.

However, despite this, fewer than one in six older people suffer from symptoms of depression and are perceived by themselves or by others, and fewer than one in every thirty people over is so depressed that doctors believe has a depressive illness.

Symptoms

Feeling discouraged or sad is not the only symptom of depressive illness. To properly identify a depression is important to know that look. The following are common symptoms of depression:

*A feeling of sadness or discouragement that is more intense than normal sadness lasts days and is present most of the time, but with some improvement frequently throughout the day.

*A loss of interest in life and an inability to enjoy things that usually give pleasure or satisfaction.

*A feeling of fatigue or weariness is present despite a low activity and is so intense that it makes the simplest task entails great effort. Motivation and drive are lowered.

*A loss of appetite is often accompanied by weight loss.

*An inner sense of restlessness that makes it difficult to rest or relax.

*A desire to withdraw from people and if people are around a feeling of irritability and moodiness.

*Difficulty sleeping with frequent waking up early, at least one or two hours earlier than usual, and inability to reconcile the dream.

*Lack of confidence in himself, which is often associated with feelings of worthlessness or being a burden to others.

*Feelings of guilt or evil, perhaps exaggerating incidents of the past, reacting disproportionately, or wondering if you have been punished by God.

*Suicidal thoughts. Many people with severe depression at some point feel as if all ends. These feelings must be taken into account as they are indicative of that help is needed. Sometimes become so intense that the depressed person can decide wanting to die and make preparations to carry out his suicide. This is a sign that help is needed urgently.

Treatments

Often they are friends or relatives who realize as an older person becomes depressed. Encourage her to accept help graciously. Explain that depression is quite common and that is cured in most patients who accept help. Be clear about who is not a form of madness, or to go to a psychiatrist is a stain on the family. Accept that older people with depression get tired easily. It is often sufficient to show its concern by being there or doing something practical. Do not force them to talk. Do not harass them to do things.

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As a result of a heterogeneous group of factors, is an alteration of chondrocyte metabolism that leads to a thinning of cartilage, bone changes associated with regenerative, which together will determine the clinical manifestations of the disease to be discussed later.

What are its causes?

The main symptom is pain, of insidious onset, deep and poorly localized, which typically increases with movement and improves with rest. As the disease progresses, pain becomes continuous and can occur even at rest. You may receive further aggravated stiffness after rest.

Joint deformities appear throughout the course of the disease as a consequence of increased bone component and physical examination capsular. These deformities are seen as a limitation of mobility, pressure pain, clicking or crepitus of the joint afecta. Radiology in the early stages may be normal, but more typical is to observe a joint space narrowing and bone sclerosis associated with development of marginal osteophytes (bony). There are no specific laboratory abnormalities of osteoarthritis.

What are the symptoms?

The main symptom is pain, of insidious onset, deep and poorly localized, which typically increases with movement and improves with rest. As the disease progresses, pain becomes continuous and can occur even at rest. You may receive further aggravated stiffness after rest. Joint deformities appear throughout the course of the disease as a consequence of increased bone component and physical examination capsular.A these deformities are seen as a limitation of mobility, pressure pain, clicking or crepitus of the joint afecta.La radiology in the early stages may be normal, but more typical is to observe a joint space narrowing and bone sclerosis associated with development of marginal osteophytes (bony). There are no specific laboratory abnormalities of osteoarthritis.

Who is at risk?

This is the most common joint disease currently on the increase in relation to the aging population. It is estimated to affect between 1 and 2 per cent of the population, predominantly female and a strong association with age. Below 55 years, joint involvement is similar in men and women. Above this age, most frequently damaged joint is the hip in men and joints of the hands in women.

What is the treatment?

The management of osteoarthritis is focused on the treatment of clinical manifestations and to a lesser degree, in its prevention. The possibility of a causal therapy is beginning to have a theoretical basis.

Symptomatic treatment:

The aim should be to relieve pain and prevent the most functional disability on the other hand should be instituted for each patient individually, taking into account different etiological factors in each case (to avoid overloading the joints, control obesity …).

Among non-pharmacological treatment, physiotherapy plays an important role in maintaining muscle strength and joint mobility. You must plan a program of exercises for each patient. As a complement, electrotherapy (shortwave) and thermotherapy (local heat) can help relieve pain. Braces can be useful at certain times of the evolution of the disease to allow a joint rest and prevent further damage as deflections, blocks or falls.

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